By the end, you’ll be able to…
- Describe authorization, broadcast and settlement.
- Identify the recipient’s evidence of payment.
Three questions to carry into this lesson.
A request is not a transfer
An invoice states what a recipient would like to receive. It may contain an amount, destination, expiry and order reference. Opening or copying it does not move money. A wallet can construct a proposed transaction from spendable outputs; an authorized signer must then approve the transaction. The application’s appearance is not evidence that authorization occurred.
Broadcast is the beginning of a network journey
Once broadcast, an on-chain transaction can propagate between nodes and may be selected by a miner for a block. Different wallets and services can observe it at different times. A delay can reflect connectivity, policy, fees or competing transactions. A transaction identifier helps locate a particular record, but its presence on an explorer does not establish that the recipient’s settlement conditions have been met.
Close the loop with the recipient
For a fictional design commission, the artist checks the invoice in their own receiving system and follows the agreed confirmation policy before delivery. A buyer’s screenshot is useful context, not the authoritative receipt. Keep the order reference and payment state separate from the file-delivery record. If something disagrees, compare those records through a known contact route before attempting another payment.
Practice on paper
Arrange these fictional events: the buyer approves; the artist creates an invoice; a block includes the transaction; the wallet broadcasts; the artist records settlement under their policy.
I’ve tried it — show the worked answer
Invoice → approval → broadcast → block inclusion → settlement check. A particular policy can require more confirmations. The invoice and approval alone do not prove that the artist received usable funds.
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One idea to take with you
Track a payment’s state before deciding what happens next.
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